printf scanf in C:
The printf() and scanf() functions are used for input and output in C language.
Both functions are inbuilt library functions, defined in stdio.h (header file).
printf() function:
The printf() function is used for output. It prints the given statement to the console.
The syntax of printf() function is given below:
printf("format string",argument_list);
The format string can be %d (integer), %c (character), %s (string), %f (float) etc.
scanf() function:
The scanf() function is used for input. It reads the input data from the console.
scanf("format string",argument_list);
Program to print cube of given number:
Let's see a simple example of c language that gets input from the user and prints the cube of the given number.
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int number;
clrscr();
printf("enter a number:");
scanf("%d",&number);
printf("cube of number is:%d ",number*number*number);
getch();
}
Output
enter a number:5
cube of number is:125
Here:
The scanf("%d",&number) statement reads integer number from the console and stores the given value in number variable.
The printf("cube of number is:%d ",number*number*number) statement prints the cube of number on the console.
Program to print sum of 2 numbers:
Let's see a simple example of input and output in C language that prints addition of 2 numbers.
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int x=0,y=0,sum=0;
clrscr();
printf("enter first number:");
scanf("%d",&x);
printf("enter second number:");
scanf("%d",&y);
sum=x+y;
printf("sum of 2 numbers:%d ",sum);
getch();
}
Output:
enter first number:9
enter second number:9
sum of 2 numbers:18